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      VDNKh: space and the Moskvarium

      ⏱ 5 h 30 min🚶 5 km🍽 1📍 5 stops
      🚶 Moderate — 3–7 km

      A Soviet exhibition fairy tale: golden fountains (water from late April to early October), the Vostok rocket and an oceanarium.

      👶 With kids🏛 History and architecture✨ New places
      👶 under 3, 3–6, 7–12 years · ✓ stroller-friendly

      VDNKh has smooth asphalt, and the Moskvarium and Kosmos are at the same level as the alleys, with lifts inside. There is no lift at VDNKh metro — it's easier to reach the Main Entrance by bus or taxi.

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      1. 1
        🏛 VDNKh Main Entrance
        A monumental 1950s triumphal arch topped with the Tractor Driver and Collective Farm Girl sculpture, with a wide main avenue behind it.
        The Main Arch and the alley to the Central Pavilion
        📖 More about the placeCollapse
        VDNKh Main Entrance
        © Don-vip · CC BY-SA 4.0
        • The arch was built in 1954 to a design by Innokenty Melchakov during the post-war reconstruction of the exhibition.
        • The five-span gate was conceived as a triumphal arch in honour of victory in the war.
        • The earlier main entrance of 1939, designed by Leonid Polyakov, is now called the North Entrance.
        • The arch is crowned by Sergey Orlov's Tractor Driver and Collective Farm Girl sculpture, clad in gold smalt.
        • The restoration begun in 2017 was the first in the arch's history.
        • The exhibition itself opened on 1 August 1939 and now covers 240 hectares.
      2. 🚶 on foot
      3. 2
        🏛 Friendship of Peoples Fountain
        A big 1954 fountain at the centre of VDNKh: gilded statues around a sheaf of grain in a granite bowl.
        16 golden maidens of the republics; the fountain runs from late April to early October
        📖 More about the placeCollapse
        Friendship of Peoples Fountain
        © Dmitry Ivanov · CC BY-SA 4.0
        Friendship of Peoples Fountain
        © Don-vip · CC BY-SA 4.0
        • The fountain was built for the opening of the All-Union Agricultural Exhibition in 1954; the architect was Konstantin Topuridze.
        • The 16 gilded girls in national costumes symbolise the Union republics; in 1954 there were 16, including the Karelo-Finnish SSR.
        • In the centre, on a granite pedestal, is a sheaf of wheat, industrial hemp and sunflowers.
        • The fountain has 800 jets that constantly change their pattern.
        • The fountain was restored in 2018–2019: about 5 kg of gold went into regilding the figures.
        • The opening of the VDNKh fountain season in spring and its closing in autumn are notable city events with concerts.
      4. 🚶 on foot
      5. 3
        🖼 Kosmos Pavilion
        🎟 ticket · VDNKh grounds are free, the pavilion exhibition is ticketed
        A pavilion with an arched glass dome and a Vostok rocket at the entrance, with authentic spacecraft inside.
        The Cosmonautics and Aviation Centre — kids can't tear themselves away
        📖 More about the placeCollapse
        Kosmos Pavilion
        © Евгений Самарин · CC BY 4.0
        Kosmos Pavilion
        © AlixSaz · CC BY-SA 4.0
        • The pavilion was built in 1939 to a design by Ivan Taranov, Viktor Andreev and Nadezhda Bykova and showed agricultural machinery.
        • In 1951–1954 a hall with a glass dome was added to it.
        • The pavilion got the name Kosmos in 1967, when rockets and satellites began to be shown here.
        • After restoration, the Cosmonautics and Aviation centre opened here on 12 April 2018.
        • The exhibition has more than 120 examples of aviation and space technology from dozens of industry enterprises.
        • In front of the pavilion stands a model of the Vostok rocket on which Gagarin flew.
      6. 🚶 on foot
      7. 4
        ✨ Moskvarium
        🎟 ticket
        One of Europe's largest oceanariums, at VDNKh: tanks with sharks and rays, plus marine animal shows.
        An oceanarium; better to buy tickets in advance
        📖 More about the placeCollapse
        Moskvarium
        © MBH · CC BY 4.0
        Moskvarium
        © MBH · CC BY 4.0
        • Moskvarium opened on 5 August 2015 on the site of former VDNKh greenhouses.
        • The complex covers 53,000 m² and is home to about 12,000 animals.
        • The 80 tanks on the ground floor hold more than 600 species, from sharks and moray eels to Baikal seals.
        • The main tank holds 1.49 million litres of water.
        • Launching it took more than 700 tonnes of sea salt, and about 80 tonnes are used every month.
        • The show hall seats 2,300 people, and there are seven pools for swimming with dolphins.
        • Residents include an orca, belugas, dolphins and Baikal seals.
      8. 🚶 on foot
      9. 5
        ☕️ Shokolot family café at Moskvarium · 🧸 play area
        пр-т Мира, 119, стр. 23 (Москвариум)
        ▮▮▮▯▯
        Lunch without leaving the building
        🍴 A family café right inside the Moskvarium building, with a big sea-themed play area and a mini cinema showing cartoons. What to order: desserts, homemade lemonades, ice cream.

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